Charitable Giving

Financial planning questions, answered

Charitable Giving

Charitable giving can be part of a financial plan at any level. The starting point is deciding which causes matter to you, how much you can comfortably give, and whether you want to give regularly or in response to a particular need. If taxes are part of the decision, the way and timing of a gift can matter as much as its amount.

Let’s get some answers! 12 questions across four planning areas

01 Define your giving goals

How do I decide how much to give?

Choose an amount that fits alongside your household spending, emergency savings, and other goals. Some people prefer a recurring amount; others give when they have additional income or a specific cause they want to support. A giving plan should be flexible enough to remain comfortable as your circumstances change.

How can I tell whether an organization qualifies for a charitable deduction?

The IRS Tax Exempt Organization Search can help you check whether an organization is eligible to receive tax-deductible contributions. An organization’s mission may be important to you regardless of its tax status, but confirm eligibility before assuming a gift will qualify for a deduction. [1]

Should I give throughout the year or make one larger gift?

Either approach can work. Regular gifts can be easier to include in your monthly cash flow; a larger gift may require more planning around the asset you give and your tax situation. Start with the impact you want to make, then consider timing with your tax professional.

02 Understand ways to give

Is giving cash the simplest option?

Often, yes. A cash gift is straightforward to make and document. Its tax treatment depends on whether the recipient qualifies, whether you itemize deductions, and the rules for the year of the gift. Keep a bank record or written acknowledgment to support any deduction you claim. [1][2]

Can I donate investments instead of cash?

Potentially. If you own an investment that has increased in value, giving the asset directly to an eligible charity may have a different tax result than selling it and donating the proceeds. The holding period, type of asset, recipient, and deduction limits all matter. Coordinate the transfer before selling or moving the asset. [2]

What is a donor-advised fund?

A donor-advised fund is an account maintained by a sponsoring charitable organization. After contributing, a donor generally can recommend how the funds are invested and which eligible charities receive grants, while the sponsoring organization retains control of the assets. Review the sponsor’s fees, grant policies, and tax requirements before contributing. [3]

03 Consider the tax rules

Do I have to itemize deductions to receive a tax benefit from giving?

Not always. Beginning with the 2026 tax year, eligible taxpayers who do not itemize may be able to deduct a limited amount of qualifying cash contributions to eligible organizations. Gifts to donor-advised funds generally do not qualify for this particular non-itemizer deduction. Itemized charitable deductions are subject to different rules, including a threshold based on adjusted gross income beginning in 2026. [4][5]

What is a qualified charitable distribution from an IRA?

A qualified charitable distribution, or QCD, is an eligible payment made directly from an IRA to a qualified charity by an IRA owner who is at least age 70½. When the requirements are met, the distribution may be excluded from taxable income and may count toward a required minimum distribution. The payment must follow the IRA and charity eligibility rules. [6]

Can I take a charitable deduction and use a QCD for the same gift?

No. A qualifying QCD is excluded from income rather than claimed again as an itemized charitable deduction. Compare the approaches with your tax professional, especially if you are subject to required minimum distributions or do not itemize. [6]

04 Coordinate larger gifts and keep records

When might a larger gift need additional planning?

A gift of appreciated investments, business interests, or real estate can involve valuation, transfer, and tax questions that a routine cash gift does not. If an asset may be sold, discuss the proposed gift with your tax and legal professionals before a sale is arranged or completed. Do not assume that donating proceeds after a sale has the same result as donating the asset itself. [2]

What records should I keep?

Keep records showing what you gave, when you gave it, and which organization received it. For a contribution of $250 or more, the IRS generally requires a timely written acknowledgment from the charity to claim a deduction. Noncash gifts can require additional documentation or tax forms. [2]

How often should I review my giving plan?

Revisit it when your income, investments, family priorities, or preferred charities change. If charitable giving is part of your estate plan, review your beneficiary designations and estate documents with your attorney as well. This helps keep both your lifetime gifts and longer-term wishes aligned.

From information to a decision

Bring the right pieces to the conversation

  • The causes and organizations you want to support
  • Your current giving and the amount you would like to give
  • Whether you expect to itemize deductions
  • Investments or other assets you are considering donating
  • IRA balances and required minimum distributions, if applicable
  • Any planned sale of a business or other significant asset
  • Records of gifts already made this year
  • Charitable wishes included in your estate documents

Sources for compliance review

[1] Internal Revenue Service, “Tax Exempt Organization Search”
https://www.irs.gov/charities-non-profits/tax-exempt-organization-search

[2] Internal Revenue Service, “Publication 526, Charitable Contributions”
https://www.irs.gov/publications/p526

[3] Internal Revenue Service, “Donor-advised funds”
https://www.irs.gov/charities-non-profits/charitable-organizations/donor-advised-funds

[4] Internal Revenue Service, “Publication 6196, Charitable Contribution Deduction Tips for Non-Itemizers”
https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p6196.pdf

[5] Internal Revenue Service, “Publication 505, Tax Withholding and Estimated Tax”
https://www.irs.gov/publications/p505

[6] Internal Revenue Service, “Retirement plans FAQs regarding IRAs distributions (withdrawals)”
https://www.irs.gov/retirement-plans/retirement-plans-faqs-regarding-iras-distributions-withdrawals

This material is for general educational purposes and is not individualized investment, tax, or legal advice. Charitable deduction rules, asset-transfer requirements, and the tax treatment of a gift depend on your circumstances. Consult qualified tax and legal professionals before making a significant or complex gift.